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Figure 2 The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of L-type calcium channel and of calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca²⁺-ATPase) in patients with different atrial fibrillation (Af) scores. The mRNA levels of both genes were significantly decreased in patients with an atrial fibrillation score of 3. However, the mRNA levels were not significantly different among patients with atrial fibrillation scores of 0, 1 and 2. *p < 0.05 when compared with atrial fibrillation score 0, 1 and 2. Error bars represent standard deviations.