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Figure 1 (A) Effect of increasing concentrations of denopamine on 1 µg/mL LPS-induced TNF- production in murine spleen cells. LPS-induced TNF- production was suppressed by denopamine in a concentration-dependent manner. Values are means ± SE of 9 cultures. *p < 0.05 versus the control culture stimulated by LPS. (B) Effect of denopamine and metoprolol on 1 µg/mL LPS-induced TNF- production in murine spleen cells. LPS-induced TNF- production was significantly suppressed by denopamine, 1 µmol/L. Metoprolol blocked the suppression of TNF- production in a concentration-dependent manner. Values are means ± SE of 4 cultures. *p < 0.05 versus the control stimulated by LPS, denopamine with metoprolol concentration of 10 µmol/L, or metoprolol alone (10 µmol/L).