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Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival among patients with PPH who underwent and survived BDAS (triangles) versus historic control patients from our own registry [12] with PPH who did not respond to vasodilator therapy (squares). The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates for patients who underwent atrial septostomy, as predicted by the equation developed from the National Institutes of Health Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Registry data (18) are also shown (circles).